Discrete Event Systems, Control and Optimization
Supervisory control • Fault diagnosis • Optimization • Intelligent transportation and industrial automation

About

This page summarizes research in discrete event systems, supervisory control, fault diagnosis, and optimization, with applications to intelligent transportation systems and industrial automation.

Publications

Book Chapters

  1. Schmidt, K., Hierarchical and Decentralized Control of Discrete Event Systems - Theory and Application, Lehrstuhl für Regelungstechnik, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:29-opus-2072, URL: http://www.opus.ub.uni-erlangen.de/opus/volltexte/2005/207/, 2005.
  2. Delgado-Eckert, E., Reger, J., Schmidt, K.: Discrete Time Systems with Event-Based Dynamics: Recent Developments in Analysis and Synthesis Methods. Mario Alberto Jordán (Ed.), Discrete Time Systems, InTech, pp. 447-476, 2011

Journal Articles

  1. Nooruldeen, Anas, Schmidt, K.W., Order-Preserving Languages for the Supervisory Control of Automated Manufacturing Systems, IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 131901-131919, 2020. (SCI)
  2. Schmidt, K.W., Hazır, Ö.,A Data Envelopment Analysis Method for Finding Robust and Cost-Efficient Schedules in Multimode Projects, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 414-429, 2020. (SCI)
  3. Schmidt, K.W., Hazır, Ö.,Formulation and Solution of an Optimal Control Problem for Industrial Project Control, Annals of Operations Research, vol. 280, pp. 337–350, 2019. (SCI)
  4. Schmidt, K. W., Reconfigurability of Behavioral Specifications for Manufacturing Systems, International Journal of Control, vol. 90, no. 12, pp. 2605-2617, 2017. (SCI) 3
  5. Schmidt, K. W., Optimal Supervisory Control Of Discrete Event Systems: Cyclicity And Interleaving Of Tasks, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 1425–1439, 2015. (SCI)
  6. Nooruldeen, A., Schmidt, K. W., State Attraction under Language Specification for the Reconfiguration of Discrete Event Systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 1630–1634, 2015. (SCI)
  7. Schmidt, K. W., Computation of Supervisors for Reconfigurable Machine Tools, Discrete Event Dynamic Systems: Theory and Applications, vol. 25, no. 1-2, pp 125-158, 2015. (SCI)
  8. Schmidt, K. W., Breindl, C., A Framework for State Attraction of Discrete Event Systems under Partial Observation, Information Sciences, vol. 281, no. 10, pp. 265-280, 2014 (SCI)
  9. Schmidt, K. W., Verification of Modular Diagnosability With Local Specifications for Discrete-Event Systems, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1130–1140, 2013. (SCI)
  10. Hazır, Ö., Schmidt, K. W., An Integrated Scheduling and Control Model for Multi-Mode Projects, Flexible Services and Manufacturing, vol. 25, no. 1–2, pp. 230–254, 2013. (SCI-E)
  11. Sülek, A. N., Afşar, K. U., Schmidt, K. W., Yeniden Yapılandırılabilir Üretim Sistemleri için Kontrolcü Tasarımı, Journal on Science and Engineering, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–16, 2013.
  12. Schmidt, K. W., Cury, J.E.R., Efficient Abstractions for the Supervisory Control of Modular Discrete Event Systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 57. no. 12, 2012. (SCI)
  13. Schmidt, K. W., Boutalis, Y., Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems for Multi-objective Control: Framework and Application to Mobile Robot Navigation, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 910–922, 2012. (SCI)
  14. Schmidt, K., Breindl, Ch., Maximally Permissive Hierarchical Control of Decentralized Discrete Event Systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 56, no. 5, 2011. (SCI)
  15. Schmidt, K.: Abstraction-based Verification of Codiagnosability for Discrete Event Systems, Automatica, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 1489-1494, 2010. (SCI)
  16. Schmidt, K.: Abstraction-based failure diagnosis for discrete event systems, Systems & Control Letters, vol. 59, pp. 42-47, January 2010. (SCI)
  17. Perk, S., Moor, Th., Schmidt, K.: Regelungstheorie für ereignisdiskrete Systeme, atp edition, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 54-62, March, 2010. (SCI-E)
  18. Nooruldeen, A., Schmidt, K. W., Order-preserving Models for the Supervisory Control of Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Journal on Science and Engineering, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 70–86, 2010.
  19. Schmidt, K., Schmidt, E.G., Message Scheduling for the FlexRay Protocol: The Static Segment, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 2170-2179, 2009. (SCI)
  20. Schmidt, E.G., Schmidt, K., Message Scheduling for the FlexRay Protocol: The Dynamic Segment, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 2160-2169, 2009. (SCI)
  21. Schmidt, K., Moor, Th., Perk, S., Nonblocking Hierarchical Control of Decentralized Discrete Event Systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 53, no. 10, pp. 2252-2265, November 2008. (SCI)
  22. Reger, J., Schmidt, K., A Finite Field Framework for Modeling, Analysis and Control of Finite State Automata, Mathematical and Computer Modeling of Dynamical Systems (MCMDS), vol. 10, Issue 3-4, pp 253-285, Taylor & Francis, 2004. (SCI-E)
  23. Reger, J., Schmidt, K., Modeling and Analyzing Finite State Automata in the Finite Field GF (2), Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), vol 66, Issue 2-3, pp 193-206, Elsevier Science, 2004. (SCI-E)

Conference Papers

  1. Ozturk, E. C., Akpinarli, U., Varol, I., Unlusoy, Y. S., Schmidt, K. W.: Development of a Blade Lifting Control Assist System for a Motor Grader, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics, 2023.
  2. Anne-Kathrin Schmuck, Thomas Moor, Klaus Werner Schmidt: A Reactive Synthesis Approach to Supervisory Control of Terminating Processes, IFAC World Congress, Berlin, Germany, 2020.
  3. Anne-Kathrin Schmuck, Thomas Moor, Klaus Werner Schmidt: An Efficient Algorithm for the Computation of the Controllability Prefix of *-Languages, IFAC World Congress, Berlin, Germany, 2020.
  4. Ekici, N. U., Schmidt, K. W., Yazar, A., Schmidt, E. G.: ACCLOUD-MAN – Power Efficient Resource Allocation for Heterogeneous Clouds, in 2019 27th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), IEEE, 2019.
  5. Ekici, N. U., Yazar, A., Koltuk, F., Schmidt, K. W., Schmidt, E. G.: Evaluation of Resource Allocation Methods for Heterogeneous Clouds with Realistic Traces, International Conference & Exhibition on Digital Transformation & Smart Systems, Ankara, Turkey, 2019.
  6. Moor, Th., Schmidt, K. W.: The Controllability Prefix for Supervisory Control under Partial Observation with an Application to Fault-Tolerant Control, IFAC World Congress, Toulouse, France, 2017.
  7. Acar, A. N., Schmidt, K. W.: Discrete Event Supervisor Design and Application for Manufacturing Systems with Arbitrary Faults and Repairs, in IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2015.
  8. Moor, T., Schmidt, K. W.: Fault-Tolerant Control of Discrete-Event Systems with Lower-Bound Specifications, Workshop on Dependable Control of Discrete Systems, Cancun, Mexico, 2015.
  9. Sülek, A. N., Schmidt, K. W.: Computation of Supervisors for Fault-Recovery and Repair for Discrete Event Systems, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, Paris, France, 2014.
  10. Eryilmaz, U., Hazir, Ö., Schmidt, K. W.: A Multi-Criteria Approach for Ranking Schedules for Multi-Mode Projects, International Conference on Project Management and Scheduling, Munich, Germany, 2014.
  11. Hazir, Ö., Schmidt, K. W., Eryilmaz, U.: An Optimization Model to Coordinate Scheduling and Controlling in Projects: Case with Instantaneous Control Constraints, OPT-i: International Conference on Engineering and Applied Sciences Optimization, Kos, Greece, 2014.
  12. Schmidt, K. W., Hazir, Ö., Eryilmaz, U.: A Tabu Search Algorithm for Integrated Project Scheduling and Control, Engineering and Technology Symposium, Ankara, Turkey, 2014.
  13. Kart, B. E., Schmidt, K. W.: Computation of Reduced Diagnosers for the Fault Diagnosis of Discrete Event Systems, Engineering and Technology Symposium, Ankara, Turkey, 2014.
  14. Khalid, H. M., Schmidt, K. W.: Abstraction-Based Modeling and Control for Reconfigurable Machine Tools (RMT), Engineering and Technology Symposium, Ankara, Turkey, 2014.
  15. Schmidt, K. W.: Optimal Configuration Changes for Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems, in IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), Florence, Italy, 2013.
  16. Kart, B. E., Schmidt, K. W.: Ayrık Olaylı Sistemler için Geliştirilmiş bir Tanılayıcı, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji Sempozyumu, Ankara, Türkiye, 2013.
  17. Sülek, A. N., Schmidt, K. W.: Computation of Fault-Tolerant Supervisors for Discrete Event Systems, Workshop on Dependable Control of Discrete Systems, York, England, 2013.
  18. Hendi, H. M., Kirik, M. S., Schmidt, K. W.: Abstraction-Based Supervisory Control for Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems, Workshop on Dependable Control of Discrete Systems, York, England, 2013.
  19. Schmidt, K. W.: Supervisor Synthesis for Reconfigurable Machine Tools, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, Guadalajara, Mexico, 2012.
  20. Boutalis, Y., Moor, T., Schmidt, K. W.: Fuzzy Hybrid Systems Modeling with Application in Decision Making and Control, in IEEE Intelligent Systems, Sofia, Bulgaria, 2012.
  21. Schmidt, K. W.: Ayrık Olaylı Sistemlerde Hatadan Toparlanma için Gözetimli Kontrol, in IEEE Sinyal İşleme ve İletişim Uygulamaları (SIU), Fethiye, Turkey, 2012.
  22. Sülek, A., Afsar, K. U., Schmidt, K. W.: Yeniden Yapılandırılabilir Üretim Sistemleri için Kontrolcü Tasarımı, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji Sempozyumu, Ankara, Türkiye, 2012.
  23. Boutin, O., Komenda, J., Masopust, T., Schmidt, K., van Schuppen, J. H.: Hierarchical Control with Partial Observations: Sufficient Conditions, in IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), Orlando, USA, 2011.
  24. Moor, T., Schmidt, K., Wittmann, T.: Abstraction-Based Control for Not Necessarily Closed Behaviours, IFAC World Congress, Milano, Italy, 2011.
  25. Schmidt, K.: Computation of Projections for the Abstraction-Based Diagnosability Verification, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES), Berlin, Germany, 2010. [PDF]
  26. Schmidt, K., Queiroz, M. H., Cury, J. E. R.: Hierarchical Multitasking Control of Discrete Event Systems: Computation of Projections and Maximal Permissiveness, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES), Berlin, Germany, 2010. [PDF]
  27. Boutalis, Y., Schmidt, K., Multi-objective Decision Making Using Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems: A Mobile Robot Example, Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, Marrakech, Morocco, 2010.
  28. Tampakis, G., Schmidt, K., Boutalis, Y., Mobile Robot Navigation based on Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems, IFAC International Conference on Intelligent Control Systems and Signal Processing, 2009.
  29. Schmidt, K., Cury, J.E.R., Redundant Tasks in Multitasking Control of Discrete Event Systems, Workshop on Dependable Control of Discrete Systems, Italy, 2009.
  30. Schmidt, K., Breindl, C., On Maximal Permissiveness of Hierarchical and Modular Supervisory Control Approaches for Discrete Event Systems, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, Sweden, 2008.
  31. Perk, S., Moor, Th., Schmidt, K., Controller Synthesis for an I/O-Based Hierarchical System Architecture, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2008.
  32. Moor, Th., Schmidt, K., Perk, S., libFAUDES – An Open Source C++ Library for Discrete Event Systems, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, Sweden, 2008.
  33. Schmidt, K., Boutalis, Y., Computation of Supremal Controllable Sublanguages and Infimal Controllable Superlanguages for Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems, Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, France, 2008.
  34. Schmidt, K., de Queiroz, M.H., Cury, J.E.R., Hierarchical and Decentralized Multitasking Control of Discrete Event Systems, Conference on Decision and Control, USA, 2007.
  35. Schmidt, K., Moor, Th., Reger, J., Marked-String Accepting Observers for the Hierarchical and Decentralized Control of Discrete Event Systems, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES), USA, 2006.
  36. Schmidt, K., Marchand, H., Gaudin, B., Modular and Decentralized Supervisory Control of Concurrent Discrete Event Systems Using Reduced System Models, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES), USA, 2006.
  37. Perk, S., Moor, Th., Schmidt, K., Hierarchical Discrete Event Systems with Inputs and Outputs, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES), USA, 2006.
  38. Moor, Th., Schmidt, K., Hierarchical Control from a Behavioral Perspective, International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics, Poland, 2005.
  39. Schmidt, K., Moor, Th., Perk, S., A Hierarchical Architecture for Nonblocking Control of Decentralized Discrete Event Systems, Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, Cyprus, 2005.
  40. Deutscher, J., Antritter, F., Schmidt, K., Feedforward Control of Nonlinear Systems using Fictitious Inputs, European Control Conference/Conference on Decision and Control, Spain, 2005.
  41. Schmidt, K., Moor, Th., Perk, S., Nonblocking Hierarchical Control of Decentralized DES, IFAC World Congress, Czech Republic, 2005.
  42. Shammas, E., Choset, H., Schmidt, K., Natural Gait Generation Techniques for Multi-bodied Isolated Mechanical Systems, International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Spain, 2005.
  43. Schmidt, K., Kapinski, J., Krogh, B.H., Control Input Synthesis for Hybrid Systems using Informed Search, Conference on Computer Aided Control System Design, Taiwan, 2004.
  44. Kapinski, J., Krogh, B.H., Schmidt, K., Reachability Analysis using Proximity Based Automata, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES), France, 2004.
  45. Schmidt, K., Moor, Th., Reger, J., Hierarchical Control for Structural Decentralized DES, Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES), France, 2004.
    46. i>Antritter, F., Kühnlein, A., Schmidt, K., Realisierungsnahe Simulation eines Fahrzeugsitzes mit semi-aktiver Dämpfung, VDI-Berichte Nr. 1828, AUTOREG, 2004.
  46. Reger, J., Schmidt, K., Aspects on Analysis and Synthesis of Linear Discrete Systems over the Finite Field GF(q), European Control Conference (ECC), England, 2003.
  47. Reger, J., Schmidt, K., Modeling and Analyzing Finite State Automata in the Finite Field GF(2), IMACS Symposium on Mathematical Modelling, Austria, 2003.
  48. Schmidt, K., Reger, J., Synthesis of State Feedback for Linear Automata in the Finite Field GF(2), IMACS Symposium on Mathematical Modelling, Austria, 2003.

Theses

Ph.D.

  • RG-Trees: Nonlinear and deterministic extensions to reference governor trees, Ferhat Gölbol, Ph.D. Thesis, 2025.
  • Aktüator satürasyonu ve zamanla değişen iletişim gecikmeleri altında heterojen araç konvoyları için kontrolör tasarımı, Hilal Bingöl, Ph.D. Thesis, 2024.
  • Order-preserving models for discrete event systems: Theory and applications, Anas Nooruldeen, 2022.
  • Model-based design of hierarchical control systems, S. Perk, Ph.D. Thesis, 2009.

M.Sc.

  • Dynamic, adaptive, and optimal resource allocation and migration in cloud data centers, Onat Deniz Doğan, 2025.
  • Optimizing air conditioner system efficiency through reinforcement learning, Mehmet Burak Hekimoğlu, 2025.
  • Optimal resource allocation and migration decision for virtual machine requests in cloud data centers, Nazım Kerem Mert, 2023.
  • Hierarchical and modular control of reconfigurable manufacturing systems, Övül Arslan, 2022.
  • Optimal dynamic resource allocation for heterogeneous cloud data centers, Nazım Umut Ekici, 2019.
  • Fault recovery for discrete event systems, Ayşe Nur Acar, 2015.
  • Combined centralized and decentralized fault diagnosis for discrete event systems, Ruhi Karav, 2014.
  • Diagnosers for discrete event systems: Improved realization and examples, Bora Eser Kart, 2014.
  • Applications of fault-tolerant supervisory control for discrete event systems, Sarmad Nozaad Mahmood, 2014.
  • Design of a photovoltaic power converter for driving and controlling AC motors, Hamed Soodi, 2014.
  • Applications of reconfigurable manufacturing systems: A laboratory case study, Harith M. Khalid, 2014.
  • Design and implementation of a 1kW single phase grid tied inverter, Oğuz Şimşek, 2013.
  • Driver design for asynchronous motors: Digital signal processing, control and data acquisition, Habib Özer Öz, 2012.
  • Modeling, control and simulation of a drinking water treatment plant, Faisel Saber, 2012.
  • Development of a water tank laboratory experiment, Abas Anwar, 2012.
  • Supervisory control for reconfigurable manufacturing systems: Structural changes and re-usability of controllers, Anas Nooruldeen, 2012.
  • Development of a DC-motor control laboratory experiment, Ardm Haseeb, 2012.
  • Failure diagnosis for hierarchical and decentralized discrete event systems, Thomas Barthel, 2009.
  • Hierarchical control of discrete event systems: Computation of abstractions and maximal permissiveness, Christian Breindl, 2007.
  • Finite state automata as a programming language for the IEC 61131-3 norm, Bernd Schlein, 2006.
  • Methods of supervisory control: A software implementation, B. Opitz, 2006.
  • Hierarchical design of discrete event controllers: An automated manufacturing system case study, Sebastian Perk, 2005.
  • Design, implementation and validation of supervisory control for an automated manufacturing system, Stephan Figgen, 2005.
  • Application of nonlinear control methods for the vibration isolation of commercial vehicle seats, Thomas Timm, 2003.
  • Application and extension of decentralized supervisory control for discrete event systems, Gökben Ersoy, 2003.
  • Development of a hardware-in-the-loop simulation environment for the study of semi-active dampers in commercial vehicle seats, Martin Seltsam, 2002.

Projects

  1. Development of a Framework for Decision Support in Industrial Projects: Scheduling, control and software support. TÜBİTAK 1001 (Project No: 113K245). Project duration: 01.09.2013 – 31.08.2015. Project manager: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Öncü Hazır; researcher: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Klaus Werner Schmidt.
  2. A Formal Framework and Continuous Workflow for the Controller Design, Failure Diagnosis and Failure Recovery of Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems: TÜBİTAK 3501 (Project No: 110E185). Project duration: 01.04.2011 – 31.03.2014. Project manager: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Klaus Schmidt.
  3. Model-based Design of Hierarchical Control Systems. Funding agency: German Research Foundation (DFG). Duration: 2006–2009. Project number: MO 1697/2-1. Budget: 428 817.47 TL. With Prof. Dr.-Ing. Th. Moor.
  4. Physical Modeling and Control Optimization 160MLC. Industrial project with Siemens AG (Consultant). Year: 2006. Budget: 15 404.51 TL.
  5. Improved Vibration Isolation for Commercial Vehicle Seats. Funding agency: Bavarian Research Foundation (Bayerische Forschungsstiftung). Duration: April 2002 – July 2003. Role: Researcher.