The great transformation

• Digital economy
• Industry 4.0
• Post-industrial society
• Knowledge economy
• Knowledge-based economy
• Information society
• New economy
• Network economy
• Techno-capitalism
• Internet economy

Digital technologies

• Technological basis of the great transformation
  • Digital form for all types of knowledge
  • Technological convergence

Characteristics of knowledge (production)

• Non-rival
• Non-excludable
• Economies of scale
  • High fixed cost of production / low cost of reproduction
• Network externalities
  • Users’ benefits increase by the number of users

Open science

Scientific production (knowledge) requires open science

• Replication of scientific research
  • Reproducible
• Cumulative learning
  • Further development of science

Science and innovations

Changing role of “knowledge”

• Knowledge as a factor of production
  • The role of knowledge in increasing productivity
• Knowledge as a product
  • Increasing (scientific) knowledge content of new products

Innovations draw from (basic) science

Changes in the product landscape

Changes in the product landscape

Implications

• Effective cooperation - community driven innovation
  • Open source - copyleft
  • Open innovation
  • Open science
• Privatization of (basic) science
  • Patents law (wider scope)
  • Copyright / DRM (Digital Rights Management)
    • Digital Restrictions Management
  • University-industry cooperation and university patenting
• Accumulation and centralization of knowledge
• Government, governance and public finance (tax policies)
• Meaning and measurement of “value”

Open science

Open science is necessary for

• scientific development
• innovativeness

Open innovation is important for

• innovativeness
• scientific development

Thanks for listening…